Mu gice cy'Ituri, intara yo mu burasirazuba bwa Repubulika ya Demokarasi ya Kongo (RDC), icyorezo cya Ebola kiragaragara. Uyu munsi, ni ubwoko bwa Bundibugyo bushobora guteza ikibazo, bukaba bwaramenyekanye kubera ubukana bwabwo n'ubushobozi bwabwo bwo gukwirakwira vuba. Mu guhangana n'iki kibazo cy'ubuzima, Ishami ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (OMS), mu bufatanye n'ubuyobozi bwa Kongo n'abandi bafatanyabikorwa mpuzamahanga, ryafashe icyemezo cyo gutangiza igerageza ry'ubuvuzi ku miti n'inkingo nshya.

Iyi nkuru yatangajwe n'OMS mu gihe RDC iri mu bihe bitoroshye byo guhangana n'icyorezo cya Ebola mu gihe cyayo cya 17. Selon les données z'ubuyobozi bw'ubuzima muri Kongo, hari hamaze kwemezwa ibibazo byinshi mu Ituri, bigaragaza ko hakenewe igisubizo cyihuse mu buvuzi. Icyemezo cyo gukora igerageza ry'ubuvuzi ubu si impanuka. Kigaragaza gahunda yo guhangana n'iki cyorezo mu buryo bwihuse mu gihe hategurwa ibisubizo birambye mu buvuzi.

Selon itangazo ry'ubuyobozi bwa OMS, ibi igerageza ry'ubuvuzi ryateguwe kugira ngo rigenzure neza abashaka kuba abatanga inkingo n'imiti. Amatsinda y'abajyanama muri iki kigo yagaragaje ko hakenewe cyane ibi igerageza mu gihe imibare y'ibibazo ikomeje kwiyongera. "Ni isiganwa rihutira", nk'uko byatangajwe n'umuvugizi wa OMS, ashimangira ko buri munsi ufite agaciro mu kurokora ubuzima.

Amatsinda y'abaganga bari ku murongo, afashijwe n'ubuyobozi bwa Kongo mu by'ubuzima, yamaze gutegura ibikorwa byo gushyira mu bikorwa ibi igerageza. Intego nyamukuru ni ugukora vuba kugira ngo haboneke ibisubizo bishobora guhindura uburyo bwacu bwo guhangana na Ebola. "Twizera ko izi gahunda zizafasha mu kugenzura iki cyorezo ariko kandi no mu kunoza uburyo bwo kwitegura ibibazo by'ubuzima bizaza", nk'uko byasobanuwe n'umuyobozi mu rwego rw'ubuzima.

Mu gihe kimwe, OMS ikomeza ibikorwa byo guteza imbere imiyoborere y'ubuzima mu buryo bw'ibikorwa byo gukurikirana ibibazo by'ubuzima. Iyi siyo ngorane ikomeye, kuko ibibazo biterwa n'ibikoresho bike bihari n'umutekano muke mu bice bimwe na bimwe byibasiwe n'iki cyorezo.

Amateka n'ibibazo by'ubuyobozi

Amateka yerekana uburyo bigoye guhangana na Ebola muri RDC. Kuva Ebola yagaragaye bwa mbere mu myaka ya 1970 hafi y'umugezi wa Ebola — ari na wo wayitiriye — iki gihugu cyahuye n'ibibazo byinshi by'icyorezo. Buri gihe, ibi byagaragaje ibibazo by'ubuyobozi mu kugera ku bice by'icyaro ndetse n'ibibazo mu rwego rw'ubuzima.

Muri ibi bihe by'icyorezo, cyane cyane hagati ya 2018 na 2020, habayeho intambwe ikomeye kubera ikoreshwa ry'inkingo rVSV-ZEBOV-GP. Ariko, ubu turi mu bihe bidasanzwe, dufite ubwoko bushya bushobora gusaba uburyo bushya. Ibi bikorwa bigamije guhangana n'iki cyorezo cyihutirwa ariko kandi no gushyiraho imizi y'ubuzima bwiza mu gihe kizaza.

RDC ikunze kuba ahantu hitoroshye ku bikorwa by'ubuzima mpuzamahanga kubera ibice byayo binini bigoye kugerwaho kandi rimwe na rimwe bigahungabanywa n'ibibazo bya politiki. Imiyoboro y'abagizi ba nabi ikorera mu bice bimwe na bimwe yongera ibibazo ku bikorwa byo guhangana na Ebola.

Ikindi kibazo gikomeye ni ukutagira ibikorwaremezo bihagije mu rwego rw'ubuvuzi. Ibigo by'ubuvuzi akenshi biba bidafite ibikoresho bihagije kandi bigahura n'ikibazo cy'abakozi badafite ubumenyi buhagije mu guhangana n'ibibazo by'ubuzima nk'Ebola. Ibi bisaba ishoramari rikomeje mu bikorwa by'ibikorwaremezo ndetse no mu training y'abakozi b'ubuvuzi bo mu gihugu.

Umuryango mpuzamahanga witeguye

Mu gihe abashakashatsi bategereje kubona ibisubizo byiza bishobora guhindura uburyo bwacu bwo kumva no guhangana na Ebola, umuryango mpuzamahanga urakomeza kwitonda ku bikorwa biri muri RDC. Imiryango nka Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) cyangwa Ikigega Mpuzamahanga cy'Ubuzima (Fonds mondial) biteguye kwinjira mu gihe bikenewe kugira ngo batange ubufasha bwabo mu bumenyi cyangwa ibikoresho byiyongera.

Ebola ntikozwa imipaka; ni ikibazo rusange gikeneye ubufatanye bw'ibihugu byose ndetse n'ubufatanye bwuzuye hagati y'abakora mu rwego rwo guhangana n'iki cyorezo cyica.

Ikibazo cy'ubukungu nabyo ni ingenzi; buri cyorezo gishya gitwara amafaranga menshi mu buryo bw'ubukungu ndetse no mu ngaruka ku bukungu bw'igihugu buri gihe buba bukeneye. Ibikorwa byo kugenzura iki cyorezo akenshi bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku bikorwa by'ubukungu bisanzwe nka ubucuruzi cyangwa n'ubuhinzi bw'akarere, bushingiye ku miryango y'abakene batuye mu bice byibasiwe.

Mu gihe cy'iki kibazo cy'ubu mu Ituri, abahinzi benshi ntibashoboye kugurisha ibicuruzwa byabo ku masoko y'akarere kubera kubura uburyo bw'umutekano bwo kubigeza ku isoko, mu gihe abacuruzi bo mu karere babona abakiriya bagabanuka cyane kubera ingamba z'ubwirinzi zafashwe n'inzego z'ubuzima mu rwego rwo kugenzura ikwirakwizwa ry'iki cyorezo.